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Common side effects include dizziness, feeling tired, nausea, and headaches. [6] Serious side effects may include heart failure and bronchospasm. [6] Its use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended. [5] [7] It works by blocking β1-adrenergic receptors in the heart and dilating blood vessels. [6] [8]
Isosorbide mononitrate is a nitrate-class drug used for the prevention of angina pectoris. [7] The sublingual patch has an onset of five minutes and a duration of action of one hour. The oral, slow release tablet has an onset of thirty minutes, and a duration of 8 hours.
It is used for drug compounds with high solubility in water. [6] When the drug is covered with some slow dissolving coat, it will eventually release the drug. Instead of diffusion, the drug release depends on the solubility and thickness of the coating. Because of this mechanism, the dissolution will be the rate limiting factor for drug release ...
There are several categories of diuretics. All diuretics increase the excretion of water from the body, through the kidneys. There exist several classes of diuretic, and each works in a distinct way. Alternatively, an antidiuretic, such as vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone), is an agent or drug which reduces the excretion of water in urine.
Loop diuretics may also precipitate kidney failure in patients concurrently taking an NSAID and an ACE inhibitor—the so-called "triple whammy" effect. [19] Because furosemide, torsemide and bumetanide are technically sulfa drugs, there is a theoretical risk that patients sensitive to sulfonamides may be sensitive to these loop diuretics. This ...
Guanfacine, sold under the brand name Tenex (immediate-release) and Intuniv (extended-release) among others, is an oral alpha-2a agonist medication used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and high blood pressure. [3] [10] Common side effects include sleepiness, constipation, and dry mouth. [10]
Metformin is a medication in a class of compounds called biguanides, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine. These medications reduce the amount of glucose the body absorbs from food ...
Furosemide is mainly excreted by tubular secretion in the kidney. In kidney impairment, clearance is reduced, increasing the risk of adverse effects. [4] Lower initial doses are recommended in older patients (to minimize side effects) and high doses may be needed in kidney failure. [26]