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Frankincense (Boswellia carteri) essential oil. The essential oil of frankincense is produced by steam distillation of the tree resin. The oil's chemical components are 75% monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and ketones. Contrary to some commercial claims, steam distilled frankincense oils do not contain the insufficiently volatile boswellic acids ...
An essential oil extracted from myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) Myrrh is mentioned as a rare perfume in several places in the Hebrew Bible . In Genesis 37:25 , the traders to whom Jacob 's sons sold their brother Joseph had " camels ... loaded with spices, balm, and myrrh," and Exodus 30:23–25 specifies that Moses was to use 500 shekels of liquid ...
His opinion, however, is rejected by the fact that there is a 6th-century Greek reference to the use of ambergris, under the name of "ambra." [46] See: Aëtius of Amida (502–575 CE), Tetrabiblos: Sixteen Books on Medicine, I.131. Ambergris figures largely in ancient records mentioning fragrances used in making perfumes and in burning incense ...
The ancient Greek botanist Theophrastus described the manufacturing of stacte: "From the myrrh, when it is bruised flows an oil; it is in fact called "stacte" because it comes in drops slowly." The ancient Roman historian Pliny, in Natural History , described stacte as "the liquid which exuded naturally from the myrrh tree before the gum was ...
Human use of plant resins has a very long history that was documented in ancient Greece by Theophrastus, in ancient Rome by Pliny the Elder, and especially in the resins known as frankincense and myrrh, prized in ancient Egypt. [9] These were highly prized substances, and required as incense in some religious rites.
The frankincense and myrrh trees were crucial to the economy of Yemen and were recognized as a source of wealth by its rulers. [8] Recent exploration discovered an ancient trade route through eastern Yemen in the Mahra region. [9] Tiglath-Pileser III attacked Gaza in order to control trade along the Incense Route. [10]