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Ethyl group (highlighted blue) as part of a molecule, as the ethyl radical, and in the compounds ethanol, bromoethane, ethyl acetate, and ethyl methyl ether.. In organic chemistry, an ethyl group (abbr. Et) is an alkyl substituent with the formula −CH 2 CH 3, derived from ethane (C 2 H 6).
[15] [16] The term "methyl" was derived in about 1840 by back-formation from "methylene", and was then applied to describe "methyl alcohol" (which since 1892 is called "methanol"). Methyl is the IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry term for an alkane (or alkyl) molecule, using the prefix "meth-" to indicate the presence of a single carbon.
The numbers are included in the name to avoid ambiguity about the position of the groups, and "tri" indicates that there are three identical methyl groups. If one of the methyl groups attached to the third carbon atom were instead an ethyl group, then the name would be 3-ethyl-2,3-dimethylpentane.
For example, ethyl comes before dihydroxy or dimethyl, as the "e" in "ethyl" precedes the "h" in "dihydroxy" and the "m" in "dimethyl" alphabetically. The "di" is not considered in either case). When both side chains and secondary functional groups are present, they should be written mixed together in one group rather than in two separate groups.
Possible equatorial conformations of ethyl cyclohexane. Due to the larger number of possible conformations of ethyl cyclohexane, the A value is reduced from what would be predicted based purely on enthalpic terms. Due to these favorable entropic conditions, the steric relevance of an ethyl group is similar to that of a methyl substituent.
The methyl group in toluene is small and will lead the ortho product being the major product. On the other hand, the t -butyl group is very bulky (there are 3 methyl groups attached to a single carbon) and will lead the para product as the major one.
Ethylmercury (sometimes ethyl mercury) is a cation composed of an organic CH 3 CH 2 — species (an ethyl group) bound to a mercury(II) centre, making it a type of organometallic cation, and giving it a chemical formula C 2 H 5 Hg +. The main source of ethylmercury is thimerosal. [1]
The hexamethylene diamine molecule contains six methylene groups. A methylene group is any part of a molecule that consists of two hydrogen atoms bound to a carbon atom, which is connected to the remainder of the molecule by two single bonds. [1]