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Omphalomesenteric duct cysts (ODC), also known as an omphalomesenteric duct remnant or vitelline cyst, are developmental defects relating to the closure of the omphalomesenteric duct. It usually disintegrates within six weeks of gestation, but remnants of the cyst can sometimes be found along the intestines or umbilicus .
In the human embryo, the vitelline duct, also known as the vitellointestinal duct, [1] the yolk stalk, [1] the omphaloenteric duct, [1] or the omphalomesenteric duct, [1] is a long narrow tube that joins the yolk sac to the midgut lumen of the developing fetus. [2]
A Meckel's diverticulum, a true congenital diverticulum, is a slight bulge in the small intestine present at birth and a vestigial remnant of the vitelline duct.It is the most common malformation of the gastrointestinal tract and is present in approximately 2% of the population, [1] with males more frequently experiencing symptoms.
Vitelline circulation, the system of blood flowing between an embryo and its yolk sac; Vitelline cyst, a developmental defect relating to the closure of the vitelline duct; Vitelline duct, a tube that joins the yolk sac to the midgut lumen of a human embryo; Vitelline membrane, membrane surrounding an ovum
Urachal cyst: there is no longer a connection between the bladder and the umbilicus, however a fluid filled cavity with uroepithelium lining persists between these two structures. Urachal fistula: there is free communication between the bladder and umbilicus; Urachal diverticulum (vesicourachal diverticulum): the bladder exhibits outpouching [5]
The yolk sac remains connected to the gut tube via the vitelline duct. Usually, this structure regresses during development; in cases where it does not, it is known as Meckel's diverticulum. During fetal life, the primitive gut is gradually patterned into three segments: foregut, midgut, and hindgut. Although these terms are often used in ...
During fetal development, the allantois becomes the urachus, a duct between the bladder and the yolk sac. A patent allantois can result in a urachal cyst. Because the allantois can be cultured ex vivo, it has utility as a model system for studying the formation of blood vessels as well as considerable usefulness in drug screening. [9]
The midgut forms the primary intestinal loop, from which originates the distal duodenum to the entrance of the bile duct. The loop continues to the junction of the proximal two-thirds of the transverse colon with the distal third. At its apex, the primary loop remains temporarily in open connection with the yolk sac through the vitelline duct.