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Because of its similarities to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), May–Thurner syndrome is rarely diagnosed amongst the general population. In this condition, the right iliac artery sequesters and compresses the left common iliac vein against the lumbar section of the spine, [5] resulting in swelling of the legs and ankles, pain, tingling, and/or numbness in the legs and feet. [6]
Collagen is not as strong or compliant as the myocardium that it replaced, this instability could lead to a ventricular aneurysm, and the stasis of blood in an aneurysm can lead to a mural thrombus. A rarer complication that also occurs during this time is Dressler's syndrome and is thought to have autoimmune origins.
A true aneurysm is one that involves all three layers of the wall of an artery (intima, media and adventitia).True aneurysms include atherosclerotic, syphilitic, and congenital aneurysms, as well as ventricular aneurysms that follow transmural myocardial infarctions (aneurysms that involve all layers of the attenuated wall of the heart are also considered true aneurysms).
Left ventricular thrombus is a blood clot in the left ventricle of the heart. LVT is a common complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Typically the clot is a mural thrombus, meaning it is on the wall of the ventricle. [ 3 ]
The hyperdense area is due to intramural or mural thrombus haemorrhage. The blood that dissects through mural thrombosis or wall of the aneurysm causes weakening of the wall. [4] This is of relatively high density compared to the psoas muscle in contrast-enhanced CT and greater than the aorta in non-contrast CT imaging. [5]
The vena cava is to the right of the midline and therefore the left common iliac vein is longer than the right. [2] The left common iliac vein occasionally travels upwards to the left of the aorta to the level of the kidney, where it receives the left renal vein and crosses in front of the aorta to join the inferior vena cava. [4]
Treatment involves revascularization typically using either angioplasty or a type of vascular bypass [citation needed]. Kissing balloon angioplasty +/- stent, so named because the two common iliac stents touch each other in the distal aorta.
The smaller the aneurysm the better the prognosis. There is less risk for ischemic myocardial damage and mortality with smaller aneurysms. Aneurysms with an internal diameter > 8 mm have poorer outcomes, since these aneurysms can be occluded and be associated with complications such as arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, or sudden death. [2]