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Sequencing batch reactors (SBR) or sequential batch reactors are a type of activated sludge process for the treatment of wastewater. SBRs treat wastewater such as sewage or output from anaerobic digesters or mechanical biological treatment facilities in batches.
Activated sludge tank at Beckton sewage treatment plant, UK.The white bubbles are due to the diffused air aeration system. The activated sludge process is a type of biological wastewater treatment process for treating sewage or industrial wastewaters using aeration and a biological floc composed of bacteria and protozoa.
A batch reactor is a chemical reactor in which a non-continuous reaction is conducted, i.e., one where the reactants, products and solvent do not flow in or out of the vessel during the reaction until the target reaction conversion is achieved.
Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) method is completed in a single reactor where several treatment steps occur in a sequence, where the treated water is removed before the cycle begins again. [14] Large diameter submersible mixers are commonly used as a method for mixing in these systems.
Attainable region (AR) theory is a branch of chemical engineering, specifically chemical reaction engineering, that uses geometric and mathematical optimization concepts to assist in the design of networks of chemical reactors. AR theory is a method to help define the best reactor flowsheet using graphical techniques for a desired duty or ...
Continuous flow reactors allow good control over reaction conditions including heat transfer, time, and mixing. The residence time of the reagents in the reactor (i.e. the amount of time that the reaction is heated or cooled) is calculated from the volume of the reactor and the flow rate through it:
Anaerobic digestion can be performed as a batch process or a continuous process. In a batch system, biomass is added to the reactor at the start of the process. The reactor is then sealed for the duration of the process. In its simplest form batch processing needs inoculation with already
A real plug flow reactor has a residence time distribution that is a narrow pulse around the mean residence time distribution. A typical plug flow reactor could be a tube packed with some solid material (frequently a catalyst). Typically these types of reactors are called packed bed reactors or PBR's.