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Textile fibers, threads, yarns and fabrics are measured in a multiplicity of units.. A fiber, a single filament of natural material, such as cotton, linen or wool, or artificial material such as nylon, polyester, metal or mineral fiber, or human-made cellulosic fibre like viscose, Modal, Lyocell or other rayon fiber is measured in terms of linear mass density, the weight of a given length of ...
Fabric testing includes measurements such as fabric weight, fabric width, shrinkage testing, colour fastness to washing, fastness to light, pilling, tearing and bursting strength, etc. The primary consideration in fabric selection is the end use. The fabric needs vary greatly depending on the application.
Equations may be used to determine the weight of warp and weft required for a particular fabric: Weight of warp = (0.65 x qty. of fabric (metres) x no. of warp ends) / count; If there are two colors in the warp, use the following equations: Weight of color A (kg) = (0.65 x qty. of fabric (metres) x no. of warp ends of color A) / count of color A
The gauge of a knitted fabric depends on the pattern of stitches in the fabric, the kind of yarn, the size of knitting needles, and the tension of the individual knitter (i.e., how much yarn they allow between stitches).
F. T. Peirce and W. H. Rees, of the Shirley Institute in Manchester, England, developed the tog in 1946 as more convenient alternative to the SI unit of m 2 ⋅K/W, writing in their paper The Transmission of Heat Through Textile Fabrics – part II: [1] The results given in this paper are expressed in terms of watts, °C and metres.
It is largely based on the conversion of fibre into yarn, then yarn into fabric. These are then dyed or printed, fabricated into cloth which is then converted into useful goods such as clothing, household items, upholstery and various industrial products. [1] Different types of fibres are used to produce yarn.
Imberline is a woven fabric with various colored stripes in the warp, often separated by gold thread. The fabric is often used in upholstery and drapery manufacture. intarsia Intarsia is a knitting technique used to create patterns with multiple colours. interfacing A type of material used on the unseen or "wrong" side of fabrics in sewing.
Sizing or size is a substance that is applied to, or incorporated into, other materials—especially papers and textiles—to act as a protective filler or glaze.Sizing is used in papermaking and textile manufacturing to change the absorption and wear characteristics of those materials.