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  2. Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topologically_Integrated...

    In 2008, data in shapefile format was published. Please note that shapefiles are not topological, therefore may create slivers when comparing TIGER/Line boundaries. This mismatch was not possible when the census TIGER files were available in ASCII format that was topological unlike shapefiles.

  3. Exclusive economic zone of Australia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone_of...

    Australia's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) was declared on 1 August 1994 and extends from 12 to 200 nautical miles (22 to 370 km) from the coastline of Australia and its external territories, except where a maritime delimitation agreement exists with another state. [1] [2] To the 12 nautical-mile boundary is Australia's territorial waters.

  4. Georelational data model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georelational_data_model

    Shapefile (Esri 1992–present) As the GIS industry grew to incorporate more casual users, the inherent complexity of the coverage data structure became a concern. When Esri released ArcView GIS 2.0 in 1992, it introduced the new shapefile format for vector data. This was a much simpler data model, eliminating features such as topology, but was ...

  5. Wikipedia : WikiProject Australian Roads/Resources

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject...

    Shapefile (GIS) dataset of every sealed and unsealed road in the state, and has been recently created and updated (2013). Data includes road names, route numbers, and class (Highway, Arterial, etc.). The license is CC-BY-3.0-AU, so it can be used to create maps.

  6. Shapefile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile

    The shapefile format was introduced with ArcView GIS version 2 in the early 1990s. It is now possible to read and write geographical datasets using the shapefile format with a wide variety of software. The shapefile format stores the geometry as primitive geometric shapes like points, lines, and polygons.

  7. GIS file format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIS_file_format

    The Vector data model uses coordinate geometry to represent each shape as one of several geometric primitives, most commonly points (a single coordinate of zero dimension), lines (a one-dimensional ordered list of coordinates connected by straight lines), and polygons (a self-closing boundary line enclosing a two-dimensional region).

  8. Boundary problem (spatial analysis) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_problem_(spatial...

    In spatial analysis, four major problems interfere with an accurate estimation of the statistical parameter: the boundary problem, scale problem, pattern problem (or spatial autocorrelation), and modifiable areal unit problem. [1] The boundary problem occurs because of the loss of neighbours in analyses that depend on the values of the neighbours.

  9. Border corners of Australia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_corners_of_Australia

    Named border corners of Australia. The border corners of Australia are the meeting points of state or territory borders. There are five such points, each recognised with a boundary marker, and all located in remote areas. [1] The five border corners are: Surveyor Generals Corner – WA/NT/SA; Poeppel Corner – NT/SA/Qld; Haddon Corner – SA/Qld