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Phlegra: In Greek mythology, the site of Zeus's defeat of the Giants at the end of the Gigantomachy. Inf. XIV, 58. Phlegyas: In Greek mythology he was the ferryman for the souls that cross the Styx. Inf. VIII, 10–24. Phoenix: Mythical bird, which at the end of its life-cycle, burns itself to ashes, from which a reborn phoenix arises.
Greek mythology has had an extensive influence on the culture, arts, and literature of Western civilization and remains part of Western heritage and language. Poets and artists from ancient times to the present have derived inspiration from Greek mythology and have discovered contemporary significance and relevance in the themes. [4]: 43
Classical mythology, also known as Greco-Roman mythology or Greek and Roman mythology, is the collective body and study of myths from the ancient Greeks and ancient Romans. Mythology, along with philosophy and political thought , is one of the major survivals of classical antiquity throughout later, including modern, Western culture . [ 1 ]
Ancient Greek literature is literature written in the Ancient Greek language from the earliest texts until the time of the Byzantine Empire. The earliest surviving works of ancient Greek literature, dating back to the early Archaic period , are the two epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey , set in an idealized archaic past today identified as ...
The primary sources in classical studies are mainly the literary and inscriptional evidence from the ancient world. [a] [b] The works of ancient authors, even if they cite earlier known or lost writings, are primary sources (this includes, for example, Plutarch). [c] Inscriptions are also primary sources.
The Hellenistic age is defined as the time between the death of Alexander the Great and the rise of Roman domination. After the 3rd century BC, the Greek colony of Alexandria in northern Egypt became the center of Greek culture. Greek poetry flourished with significant contributions from Theocritus, Callimachus, and Apollonius of Rhodes.
Modern influence of ancient Greece refers to the influence of Ancient Greece on later periods of history, from the Middle Ages up to the current modern era. Greek culture and philosophy has a significant influence on modern society and its core culture, in comparison to other ancient societies of similar settings.
Chaos (Ancient Greek: χάος, romanized: kháos) (aka Primordial Chaos, Primordial Void) is the mythological void state preceding the creation of the universe (the cosmos) in Greek creation myths. In Christian theology, the same term is used to refer to the gap or the abyss created by the separation of heaven and earth.