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Hans Asperger. Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's syndrome or Asperger's, is a term formerly used to describe a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. [5]
There are many known environmental, genetic, and biological causes of autism. Research indicates that genetic factors are predominant in the appearance of autism; however, the heritability of autism is complex, and many of the genetic interactions involved are unknown. [ 1 ] In rare cases, autism has been associated with agents that cause birth ...
Frequency. One in 100 people (1%) worldwide [ 9 ][ 10 ] Autism, also called autism spectrum disorder[ a ] (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of deficient reciprocal social communication and the presence of restricted, repetitive, and inflexible patterns of behavior. Autism generally affects a person's ability to ...
The term high-functioning autism was used in a manner similar to Asperger syndrome, another outdated classification. The defining characteristic recognized by psychologists was a significant delay in the development of early speech and language skills, before the age of three years. [ 12 ]
Autism and memory. The relationship between autism and memory, specifically memory functions in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is an ongoing topic of research. ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by social communication and interaction impairments, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior.
Nonverbal learning disorder. Nonverbal learning disorder (NVLD or NLD) is a proposed category of neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by core deficits in non-verbal skills, especially visual-spatial processing. People with this condition have normal or advanced verbal intelligence and significantly lower nonverbal intelligence. [3]
Asperger's 1940 work, Autistic psychopathy in childhood, [9] found that four of the 200 children studied [10] had difficulty with integrating themselves socially. Although their intelligence levels appeared normal, the children lacked nonverbal communication skills, failed to demonstrate empathy with their peers, and were physically clumsy.
Diagnosis of autism. The diagnosis of autism is based on a person's reported and directly observed behavior. [1] There are no known biomarkers for autism spectrum conditions that allow for a conclusive diagnosis. [2] In most cases, diagnostic criteria codified in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or ...