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A related term is the duration of shedding or the shedding period, which is defined as the time duration during which a host or patient excretes pathogens through saliva, urine, feces or other bodily fluids. [6] However, for some infectious diseases, the symptoms of the clinical disease may appear after the host becomes infectious.
In epidemiology, particularly in the discussion of infectious disease dynamics (mathematical modeling of disease spread), the infectious period is the time interval during which a host (individual or patient) is infectious, i.e. capable of directly or indirectly transmitting pathogenic infectious agents or pathogens to another susceptible host ...
In a typical infectious disease, the incubation period signifies the period taken by the multiplying organism to reach a threshold necessary to produce symptoms in the host. While latent or latency period may be synonymous, a distinction is sometimes made whereby the latent period is defined as the time from infection to infectiousness. Which ...
Local tetanus is an uncommon form of the disease, in which people have persistent contraction of muscles in the same anatomic area as the injury. The contractions may persist for many weeks before gradually subsiding. Local tetanus is generally milder; only about 1% of cases are fatal, but it may precede the onset of generalized tetanus. [1]
Following infection with HIV, the rate of clinical disease progression varies enormously between individuals. Many factors such as host susceptibility and immune function, [2] [3] [4] health care and co-infections, [5] [6] [7] as well as factors relating to the viral strain [8] [9] may affect the rate of clinical disease progression.
Post-acute infection syndromes (PAISs) or post-infectious syndromes are medical conditions characterized by symptoms attributed to a prior infection.While it is commonly assumed that people either recover or die from infections, long-term symptoms—or sequelae—are a possible outcome as well. [1]
Impaired immunity in part drive disease progression after SARS-CoV-2 infection. [25] While health agency guidelines tend to recommend isolating for 14 days while watching for symptoms to develop, [26] there is limited evidence that symptoms may develop for some patients more than 14 days after initial exposure. [27]
Chronic systemic inflammation is the result of release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from immune-related cells and the chronic activation of the innate immune system.It can contribute to the development or progression of certain conditions such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune and neurodegenerative ...