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Varicose veins are unlikely to be caused by crossing the legs or ankles. [17] Less commonly, but not exceptionally, varicose veins can be due to other causes, such as post-phlebitic obstruction or incontinence, venous and arteriovenous malformations. [18] Venous reflux is a significant cause. Research has also shown the importance of pelvic ...
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a medical condition characterized by blood pooling in the veins, leading to increased pressure and strain on the vein walls. [1] The most common cause of CVI is superficial venous reflux, which often results in the formation of varicose veins, a treatable condition. [2]
Superficial thrombophlebitis is a thrombosis and inflammation of superficial veins presenting as a painful induration (thickening) with erythema, often in a linear or branching configuration with a cordlike appearance. [2]: 826–7 [3] Superficial thrombophlebitis is due to inflammation and/or thrombosis, and,less commonly, infection of the vein.
It most commonly occurs in superficial veins. Phlebitis often occurs in conjunction with thrombosis and is then called thrombophlebitis or superficial thrombophlebitis. Unlike deep vein thrombosis, the probability that superficial thrombophlebitis will cause a clot to break up and be transported in pieces to the lung is very low. [1]
Oftentimes, though, collateral veins are used instead, which is where other veins can take the blood as an alternate pathway so it doesn’t stagnate in the varicose vein, and these tend to actually be the deep veins in the legs. Other than the legs, in men it can also occur in the scrotum (usually on the left side) where it is called a varicocele.
The first category, alterations in normal blood flow, refers to several situations. These include venous stasis, long surgical operations, prolonged immobility (whilst on a long plane or car ride, bed bound during hospitalization), and varicose veins. The equivalence of Virchow's version and the modern version has been disputed. [5]
Anorectal varices are collateral submucosal blood vessels dilated by backflow in the veins of the rectum. [1] Typically this occurs due to portal hypertension which shunts venous blood from the portal system through the portosystemic anastomosis present at this site into the systemic venous system .
SVTs can be classified as either varicose vein (VV) or non-varicose (NV) associated. [1] NV-SVTs are more likely to be associated with genetic procoagulable states compared to VV-SVTs. [1] SVTs can also be classified by pathophysiology. That is, primary SVTs are characterized by inflammation that is localized to the veins.