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1. physiological causes: standing position; vigorous exercise; Excessive stasis while withdrawing blood; 2. Pathological causes infective disease like tuberculosis; multiple myeloma; Reduced production (hypogammaglobulinemia), as well as increased protein loss (nephrotic syndrome, protein-losing enteropathy), can cause
CHAPLE is characterized by severe protein-losing enteropathy leading to hypoproteinemia. Symptoms can include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, and edema. [1] People also have chronic malabsorption, which causes deficiencies in iron, ferritin, calcium, magnesium, folate, vitamin D and vitamin B12. [1]
The pathophysiology of protein losing enteropathy is a result of plasma protein loss to the GI tract lumen. [2] PLE is a complication of a disorder, be it lymphatic obstruction or mucosal injury. [7] Protein losing enteropathy is a syndrome, characterized by a collection of signs and symptoms that are due to an underlying primary medical condition.
Abdominal pain, also known as a stomach ache, is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues. Since the abdomen contains most of the body's vital organs, it can be an indicator of a wide variety of diseases.
In the blood plasma, albumin makes up 55 to 60% of total plasma protein by mass, with globulins making up a large part of the rest. In hypoalbuminemia, the amount of albumin in the intravascular space or blood plasma is what is being measured, meaning that abnormal distribution within the two compartments may contribute to a relative ...
However, upper central abdominal pain is the most common symptom; the pain may be dull, vague, burning, aching, gnawing, sore, or sharp. [13] Pain is usually located in the upper central portion of the abdomen , [ 14 ] but it may occur anywhere from the upper left portion of the abdomen around to the back.
The belly button is unique to each individual due to it being a scar, and various general forms have been classified by medical practitioners. [6] [7] [further explanation needed] Outie: A navel consisting of the umbilical tip protruding past the periumbilical skin is an outie. Essentially any navel which is not concave.
One common definition of thrombocytopenia requiring emergency treatment is a platelet count below 50,000/μL. [5] Thrombocytopenia can be contrasted with the conditions associated with an abnormally high level of platelets in the blood – thrombocythemia (when the cause is unknown), and thrombocytosis (when the cause is known). [6] [7]