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"Exploiting Victory, Sinking into Defeat: Uniformed Violence in the Creation of the New Order in Czechoslovakia and Austria, 1918–1922". The Journal of Modern History. 88 (4): 827–855. doi:10.1086/688969. S2CID 151929724. Lichtenstein, Tatjana (21 May 2014). "Jewish power and powerlessness: Prague Zionists and the Paris Peace Conference".
The Jewish population of Bohemia and Moravia (117,551 according to the 1930 census) was virtually annihilated. Many Jews emigrated after 1939; approximately 78,000 were killed. By 1945, some 14,000 Jews remained alive in the Czech lands. [5] Approximately 144,000 Jews were sent to Theresienstadt concentration camp. Most inmates were Czech Jews.
Interwar Czechoslovakia. The Czechoslovak myth is a narrative that Czechoslovakia between 1918 and 1938 was a tolerant and liberal democratic country, oriented towards Western Europe, and free of antisemitism compared to other countries in Central Europe and Eastern Europe.
The Manifesto of Race published on July 14, 1938, prepared for the enactment of racial laws to be introduced. The Italian Racial Laws were passed on November 18, 1938, excluding Jews from the civil service, the armed forces, and the National Fascist Party, and restricting Jewish ownership of certain companies and property; intermarriage was also prohibited. [1]
Censorship restrictions in the Czech Republic were most prevalent during the German occupation of Czechoslovakia between 1938-1945. [4] During this time, Czech civilians experienced Nazi indoctrination exercised through mass media, where messages distributed reinforced obedience to the ‘Fuhrer’. [5]
Because of this there were over 3,500 deaths by suicide in the first year of the occupation, and the number of Jews in Austria shrank from 180,000 to 55,000. Poznanski goes on to describe similar practices in many other Nazi-occupied countries: Czechoslovakia, Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, France, Norway, Denmark, Hungary, Greece, and Yugoslavia.
Jewish communities in the Czech Republic (1 C, 45 P) ... Anti-Jewish violence in Czechoslovakia (1918–1920) F. Familiants Law; J.
Czechoslovakia had fielded a modern army of 35 divisions and was a major manufacturer of machine guns, tanks, and artillery, most of them assembled in the Škoda factory in Plzeň. Many Czech factories continued to produce Czech designs until converted to German designs. Czechoslovakia also had other major manufacturing companies.