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The main feature of the Ngorongoro Conservation Authority is the Ngorongoro Crater, the world's largest inactive, intact and unfilled volcanic caldera. [22] The crater, which formed when a large volcano erupted and collapsed on itself two to three million years ago, is 610 metres (2,000 feet) deep and its floor covers 260 square kilometres (100 ...
There are seven World Heritage Sites in Tanzania, with a further six on the tentative list. [3] Ngorongoro Conservation Area, in 1979, was the first site in Tanzania to be added to the list. The most recent addition were the Kondoa Rock-Art Sites, in 2006. Three sites are listed for cultural significance, three for natural, and Ngorongoro for ...
Nasera Rockshelter is an archaeological site located in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area within Ngorongoro District of Arusha Region in northern Tanzania, and it has evidence of Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age occupations in the Late Pleistocene to early Holocene, and ceramic-bearing Holocene occupations attributed to Kansyore, Nderit, and Savanna Pastoral Neolithic traditions.
The district's name has an onomatopoeic origin; it was named by Maasai pastoralists after the sound created by the cowbell ("enkorkor"). Various hominid species have occupied the area for 3 million years, according to fossil evidence discovered at the Olduvai Gorge. A few thousand years ago, early hunter-gatherers were displaced by pastoralists.
The Crater Highlands are made up of several large volcanic complexes, including the 2.4-2.2 Ma Lemagarut and 2.25-2.0 Ma Ngorongoro basalt-trachybasalt-trachyandesite volcanoes (Ngorongoro also contains trachydacite) and the 1.6-1.5 Ma Oldeani basalt-trachyandesite volcano. [1]
The national parks and nature reserves in this region include Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Arusha National Park, the Loliondo Game Controlled Area, and part of Lake Manyara National Park. Remains of 600-year-old stone structures are found at Engaruka, just off the dirt road between Mto wa Mbu and Lake Natron.
The Ngorongoro Conservation Area, established in 1959, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site [3] and inhabited by the Maasai people. [4] Its Ngorongoro Crater is the largest intact caldera in the world. [5] [6] The national parks are also part of the wetlands of Tanzania.
The crater is filled by a deep alkaline lake (a soda lake [2]) that occupies around 75% of the crater's bottom and is approximately 85 meters deep. The crater is a caldera and is within UNESCO Biosphere Reserve protection program [ 3 ] Empakaai's elevation on the outside is 3,200 m above sea level on the western side and 2,590 m above sea level ...