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The skin is one of the largest organs of the body. In humans, it accounts for about 12 to 15 percent of total body weight and covers 1.5 to 2 m 2 of surface area. [1] 3D still showing human integumentary system. The skin (integument) is a composite organ, made up of at least two major layers of tissue: the epidermis and the dermis. [2]
Skin appendages (or adnexa of skin) are anatomical skin-associated structures that serve a particular function including sensation, contractility, lubrication and heat loss in animals.
The word skin originally only referred to dressed and tanned animal hide and the usual word for human skin was hide. Skin is a borrowing from Old Norse skinn "animal hide, fur", ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *sek-, meaning "to cut" (probably a reference to the fact that in those times animal hide was commonly cut off to be used as garment).
An example is the skin on the forearm, which is on average 1.3 mm in males and 1.26 mm in females. [4] One average square inch (6.5 cm 2 ) of skin holds 650 sweat glands, 20 blood vessels, 60,000 melanocytes, and more than 1,000 nerve endings.
Specialized glands within the human integumentary system # Name Precursor gland derived from [3] Anatomic location 1 Ceruminous gland: Apocrine: Ear canal: 2 Mammary gland: Apocrine: Breast 3 Moll's gland: Apocrine: Eyelid margin 4 Tyson's gland: Sebaceous: Genital skin 5 Meibomian gland: Sebaceous: Tarsal plate: 6 Gland of Zeis: Sebaceous
Sebaceous glands are part of the body's integumentary system and serve to protect the body against microorganisms. Sebaceous glands secrete acids that form the acid mantle . This is a thin, slightly acidic film on the surface of the skin that acts as a barrier to microbes that might penetrate the skin. [ 20 ]
The term is derived from integumentum, which is Latin for "a covering". In a transferred, or figurative sense, it could mean a cloak or a disguise. [2] In English, "integument" is a fairly modern word, its origin having been traced back to the early seventeenth century; and refers to a material or layer with which anything is enclosed, clothed, or covered in the sense of "clad" or "coated", as ...
Sweat glands, also known as sudoriferous or sudoriparous glands, from Latin sudor 'sweat', [6] [7] are small tubular structures of the skin that produce sweat.Sweat glands are a type of exocrine gland, which are glands that produce and secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct.