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Chlorine pentafluoride is an interhalogen compound with formula ClF 5. This colourless gas is a strong oxidant that was once a candidate oxidizer for rockets. The molecule adopts a square pyramidal structure with C 4v symmetry, [1] as confirmed by its high-resolution 19 F NMR spectrum. [2] It was first synthesized in 1963. [3]
A chlorine fluoride is an interhalogen compound containing only chlorine and fluorine ... Chlorine trifluoride: Chlorine pentafluoride: Molar mass: 54.45 g/mol 92.45 ...
Chlorine trifluoride is particularly noteworthy—readily fluorinating asbestos and refractory oxides—and may be even more reactive than chlorine pentafluoride. Used industrially, ClF 3 requires special precautions similar to those for fluorine gas because of its corrosiveness and hazards to humans.
[1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
Structure of xenon oxytetrafluoride, an example of a molecule with the square pyramidal coordination geometry. Square pyramidal geometry describes the shape of certain chemical compounds with the formula ML 5 where L is a ligand. If the ligand atoms were connected, the resulting shape would be that of a pyramid with a square base.
All have the sodium chloride (rock salt) structure and are soluble in water and even some alcohols. [1] Because the fluoride anion is highly basic, many alkali metal fluorides form bifluorides with the formula MHF 2. Sodium and potassium bifluorides are significant to the chemical industry. [2]
Chlorine trifluoride is an interhalogen compound with the formula ClF 3. It is a colorless, poisonous, corrosive, and extremely reactive gas that condenses to a pale-greenish yellow liquid, the form in which it is most often sold (pressurized at room temperature).
It is a chocolate-brown solid that decomposes at 0 °C, [1] disproportionating to elemental iodine and iodine pentafluoride: 5 IF → 2 I 2 + IF 5 However, its molecular properties can still be precisely determined by spectroscopy : the iodine-fluorine distance is 190.9 pm and the I−F bond dissociation energy is around 277 kJ mol −1 .