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1 Japan: 1991 [39] 40 Dieng Volcanic Complex: 2 Indonesia: 1928 [30] 39 Taal: 4 Philippines: 2020 2020–2022 Taal Volcano eruptions: 38 Dieng Volcanic Complex: 2 Indonesia: 1786 [30] 32 Mount Nyiragongo: 1 Democratic Republic of the Congo: 2021 2021 Mount Nyiragongo eruption: 32 Kelud: 4 Indonesia: 1990 [40] 31 Bayonnaise Rocks: 2 Japan: 1952 ...
The eruption caused a volcanic winter. During the Northern Hemisphere summer of 1816, global temperatures cooled by 0.53 °C (0.95 °F). This cooling directly or indirectly caused 90,000 deaths. The eruption of Mount Tambora was the largest cause of this climate anomaly. [22]
One of the oldest large eruptions preserved [5] [31] [32] Blacktail tuff 6.5 Blacktail, Idaho 1,500 First of several eruptions from the Heise volcanic field [30] Mangakino Caldera—Rocky Hill 1 TaupÅ Volcanic Zone, New Zealand 1,495 [26] Aso Caldera: 0.087: Kyushu, Japan 930–1,860 Aso-4 ignimbrite [13] Emory Caldera—Kneeling Nun tuff 33
A.D. 79: Mount Vesuvius, Italy. Mount Vesuvius has erupted eight times in the last 17,000 years, most recently in 1944, but the big one was in A.D. 17. One of the most violent eruptions in history ...
1902 eruption of Mount Pelée: Martinique Volcanic eruption April–August 1903 3,500 1903 Manzikert earthquake: Turkey Earthquake April 29 1904 400 1904 Sichuan earthquake China August 30 1905 20,000+ 1905 Kangra earthquake: India April 4 1906 15,000 1906 Hong Kong typhoon: Hong Kong Tropical cyclone September 18 1907 12,000–15,000
"Volcanoes of the World: an Illustrated Catalog of Holocene Volcanoes and their Eruptions". Digital Information Series (GVP-3). Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program. Archived from the original on 2012-10-24.). Simkin T. & Siebert L. (1994). Volcanoes of the World. Geoscience Press, Tucson, 2nd edition. p. 349. ISBN 978-0-945005-12-4.
This eruption was the largest in at least 1,300 years (after the hypothesized eruption causing the volcanic winter of 536); its effect on the climate may have been exacerbated by the 1814 eruption of Mayon in the Philippines. The significant amount of volcanic ash and gases released into the atmosphere blocked sunlight, leading to global cooling.
In the years before the 1883 eruption, seismic activity around the Krakatoa volcano was intense, with earthquakes felt as far away as North Australia, one of which, in 1880, damaged a lighthouse. [4] Strombolian activity began on 20 May 1883, and steam venting began to occur regularly from Perboewatan , the northernmost of the island's three cones.