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If talking about the skull, the dorsal side is the top. [13] [9] The ventral (from Latin venter ' belly ') surface refers to the front, or lower side, of an organism, or organ such as the undersurface of the tongue. [13] In a fish, the dorsal fin is on the upper surface and its ventral fins (pelvic fins) are on the belly or undersurface. [17]
Dorsal and ventral: In animals with linear nervous systems, the term dorsal (from the Latin dorsum, meaning "back") is synonymous with superior and the term ventral (from the Latin venter, meaning "belly") is synonymous with inferior. In humans, however, the terminology differs on either side of the midbrain-diencephalic junction.
The striatum (pl.: striata) or corpus striatum [5] is a cluster of interconnected nuclei that make up the largest structure of the subcortical basal ganglia. [6] The striatum is a critical component of the motor and reward systems; receives glutamatergic and dopaminergic inputs from different sources; and serves as the primary input to the rest of the basal ganglia.
Interaction between dorsal and ventral attention networks enables dynamic control of attention in relation to top-down goals and bottom-up sensory stimulation. [1]The dorsal attention network (DAN), also known anatomically as the dorsal frontoparietal network (D-FPN), is a large-scale brain network of the human brain that is primarily composed of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and frontal eye ...
Dorsal and ventral are thus relative terms in the brain, whose exact meaning depends on the specific location. Rostral and caudal: rostral refers in general anatomy to the front of the body (towards the nose, or rostrum in Latin), and caudal refers to the tail end of the body (towards the tail; cauda in Latin).
The dorsal root of spinal nerve (or posterior root of spinal nerve or sensory root) [1] is one of two "roots" which emerge from the spinal cord. It emerges directly from the spinal cord, and travels to the dorsal root ganglion. Nerve fibres with the ventral root then combine to form a spinal nerve.
Simultanagnosia can be divided into two different types: dorsal and ventral, with each taking its name from the dorsal and ventral circuits concerned with the perception of objects' shapes and locations, respectively. [9] These two forms of simultanagnosia are associated with different symptoms as well as damage to separate areas of the brain.
Each spinal nerve is a mixed nerve formed by the union of a sensory dorsal root and a motor ventral root, [1] meaning that there are 62 dorsal/ventral root pairs, and therefore 124 nerve roots in total, each of which stems from a bundle of nerve rootlets (or root filaments).