Ads
related to: lithium therapeutic range bipolar disorder pdf articles free
Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Within the therapeutic range there is a dose-response relationship. [25] A limited amount of evidence suggests lithium carbonate may contribute to the treatment of substance use disorders for some people with bipolar disorder.
Excessive levels of lithium can be harmful to the kidneys, and increase the risk of side effects in general. As a result, kidney function and blood levels of lithium are monitored in patients being treated with lithium. [2] Therapeutic plasma levels of lithium range from 0.5 to 1.5 mEq/L, with levels of 0.8 or higher being desirable in acute ...
John Frederick Joseph Cade AO [1] [2] [3] (18 January 1912 – 16 November 1980) was an Australian psychiatrist who in 1948 discovered the effects of lithium carbonate as a mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder, then known as manic depression.
Lithium and the anticonvulsants carbamazepine, lamotrigine, and valproic acid are classed as mood stabilizers due to their effect on the mood states in bipolar disorder. [124] Lithium has the best overall evidence and is considered an effective treatment for acute manic episodes, preventing relapses, and bipolar depression.
Lithium citrate was removed from 7Up in 1948 [5] after the Food and Drug Administration banned its use in soda. [6] Lithium citrate is used as a mood stabilizer and is used to treat mania, hypomania, depression and bipolar disorder. [7] It can be administered orally in the form of a syrup. [7]
The global estimated lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder among adults range from 1 to 3 percent. [63] The annual incidence is estimated to vary from 0.3 to 1.2 percent worldwide. [ 23 ] According to the World Mental Health Survey Initiative, the lifetime prevalence of BP-II was found to be 0.4%, with a 12-month prevalence of 0.3%. [ 64 ]
Lithium carbonate is an inorganic compound, the lithium salt of carbonic acid with the formula Li 2 CO 3. This white salt is widely used in processing metal oxides. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines [7] for its efficacy in the treatment of mood disorders such as bipolar disorder. [8] [7]
Lithium has been used to augment antidepressant therapy in those who have failed to respond to antidepressants alone. [89] Furthermore, lithium dramatically decreases the suicide risk in recurrent depression. [90] According to the results of the STAR-D experiment, the remission rate of lithium for treatment-resistant depression is about 15.9%. [91]