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Streptococcus agalactiae is the most common human pathogen belonging to group B of the Lancefield classification of streptococci—hence the name of group B stretococcal (GBS). Infection with GBS can cause serious illness and sometimes death, especially in newborns, the elderly, and people with compromised immune systems .
Streptococcus agalactiae (also known as group B streptococcus or GBS) is a gram-positive coccus (round bacterium) with a tendency to form chains (as reflected by the genus name Streptococcus). It is a beta- hemolytic , catalase -negative, and facultative anaerobe .
Played a part in causing the 2003 RCOG risk-based guidelines on the prevention of early-onset group B Strep infection, and continues to campaign for improved guidelines and awareness in medical professionals. [11] Raised significant public awareness of group B Strep and the impact a group B Strep infection can have on newborn babies if not ...
Infections caused by Group A streptococci are generally more mild than infections caused by Group B streptococci. The most common Group A streptococcus infections can range from strep throat to pneumonia to cellulitis. Group B streptococcus is more commonly found in the gastrointestinal and genital tracts, and can also be transmitted vertically ...
Two children in the U.S. and 15 in the U.K. have died from strep A infection, a bacteria that normally causes mild disease but can be extremely dangerous.
It was a retrospective study (2008–2010) and looked at 441 children who attended a Belgian hospital emergency department and had a throat swab taken. It concluded that the Centor criteria are ineffective in predicting the presence of Group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus (i.e. antibiotic treatment-worthy) on throat swab cultures in children. [4]
Those meeting these criteria likely do not require a lumbar puncture, and are felt to be safe for discharge home without antibiotic treatment, or with a single dose of intramuscular antibiotics, but will still require close outpatient follow-up. [citation needed] One risk for Group B streptococcal infection (GBS) is preterm rupture of membranes ...
Hepatitis B may also be classified as a vertically transmitted infection. The hepatitis B virus is large and does not cross the placenta. Hence, it cannot infect the fetus unless breaks in the maternal-fetal barrier have occurred, but such breaks can occur in bleeding during childbirth or amniocentesis. [13]