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Integrated Business Planning, IBP, enables businesses to bring together different elements of planning into a single process. There is no single common definition of IBP as there is no universally agreed upon terminology describing different degrees and forms of integrated processes. IBP may include, but is not limited to, taking into account:
A supply chain is the network of all the individuals, organizations, resources, activities and technology involved in the creation and sale of a product. A supply chain encompasses everything from the delivery of source materials from the supplier to the manufacturer through to its eventual delivery to the end user.
In commerce, global supply-chain management is defined as the distribution of goods and services throughout a trans-national companies' global network to maximize profit and minimize waste. [1] Essentially, global supply chain-management is the same as supply-chain management, but it focuses on companies and organizations that are trans-national.
an "extended" supply chain includes suppliers of the immediate supplier and customers of the immediate customer; an "ultimate" supply chain includes all of the organizations involved in the supply of the product or service. In each case, the flow of information and finances is part of the chain as well as the product or service. [10]
Global supply-chain governance (SCG) is a term that originated around the mid-2000. [1] It is a governing system of rules, structures and institutions that guide, control, and lead supply chains, through policies and regulations, with the goal of creating greater efficiency. [1]
The main output from S&OP is the integration of the plans of Marketing, Sales, Operations and Finance. The integration of plans is allowed by the cross- functional integration fostered by S&OP. The integration is different from coordination: in fact, it takes in consideration the target while the coordination takes it for granted.
Integrated logistics [1] support (ILS) is a technology in the system engineering to lower a product life cycle cost and decrease demand for logistics by the maintenance system optimization to ease the product support. Although originally developed for military purposes, it is also widely used in commercial customer service organisations. [2]
Rapid technology development can increase integration difficulties and further increase costs. The requirement of different business skills venturing into new portions of the supply chain can be challenging for the firm. [9] Another problem that may stem from vertical integration is the collapse of goals among the various firms in a supply chain.