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In elementary algebra, factoring a polynomial reduces the problem of finding its roots to finding the roots of the factors. Polynomials with coefficients in the integers or in a field possess the unique factorization property , a version of the fundamental theorem of arithmetic with prime numbers replaced by irreducible polynomials .
This factorization is also unique up to the choice of a sign. For example, + + + = + + + is a factorization into content and primitive part. Gauss proved that the product of two primitive polynomials is also primitive (Gauss's lemma). This implies that a primitive polynomial is irreducible over the rationals if and only if it is irreducible ...
In mathematics and computer algebra the factorization of a polynomial consists of decomposing it into a product of irreducible factors.This decomposition is theoretically possible and is unique for polynomials with coefficients in any field, but rather strong restrictions on the field of the coefficients are needed to allow the computation of the factorization by means of an algorithm.
In the mathematical discipline of linear algebra, a matrix decomposition or matrix factorization is a factorization of a matrix into a product of matrices. There are many different matrix decompositions; each finds use among a particular class of problems.
In elementary algebra, FOIL is a mnemonic for the standard method of multiplying two binomials [1] —hence the method may be referred to as the FOIL method.The word FOIL is an acronym for the four terms of the product:
The formula for the difference of two squares can be used for factoring polynomials that contain the square of a first quantity minus the square of a second quantity. For example, the polynomial x 4 − 1 {\displaystyle x^{4}-1} can be factored as follows:
A weak factorization system (E, M) for a category C consists of two classes of morphisms E and M of C such that: [1] The class E is exactly the class of morphisms having the left lifting property with respect to each morphism in M. The class M is exactly the class of morphisms having the right lifting property with respect to each morphism in E.
A factorization algebra is a prefactorization algebra satisfying some properties, similar to sheafs being a presheaf with extra conditions.. If is a topological space, a prefactorization algebra of vector spaces on is an assignment of vector spaces () to open sets of , along with the following conditions on the assignment: