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According to the Muslim belief and Islamic scholarly accounts, the revelation of the Quran to the Islamic prophet Muhammad began in 610 CE when the angel Gabriel (believed to have been sent by God) appeared to Muhammad (a trader in the Western Arabian city of Mecca, which had become a sanctuary for pagan deities and an important trading center) in the cave of Hira.
Muhammad ibn al-Qasim belonged to the Banu Thaqif, an Arab tribe that is concentrated around the city of Taif in western Arabia. After the Muslim conquest of Persia, he was assigned as the governor of Fars, likely succeeding his uncle Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Thaqafi. From 708 to 711, Muhammad ibn al-Qasim led the Sindh conquest.
English: Page from an illuminated Quran from Safavid period dated 1000 AH (1591-92 CE). Calligrapher Ibn Qasim Dai Abdulwahhab al-Shirazi. Calligrapher Ibn Qasim Dai Abdulwahhab al-Shirazi. Illuminater Muhammad ibn Taj al-Din Haydar
Sura al-Baqarah, verses 282–286, from an early Quranic manuscript written on vellum (mid-late 7th century CE). In Muslim tradition the Quran is the final revelation from God, Islam's divine text, delivered to the Islamic prophet Muhammad through the angel Jibril (Gabriel).
The Quran was canonized only after Muhammad's death in 632 CE. According to Islamic tradition the third caliph, Uthman ibn Affan (r. 23/644–35 AH/655 CE) established the canonical Qur'an, reportedly starting the process in 644 CE, [6] and completing the work around 650 CE (the exact date was not recorded by early Arab annalists). [7]
[36] [37] The Twelver jurist Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei (d. 1992) and some others have similarly reinterpreted the traditions that may suggest the alteration of the Quran. [38] [3] For instance, a tradition ascribed to Ali suggests that a fourth of the Quran is about the House of Muhammad, or the Ahl al-Bayt, while another fourth is about their ...
He conferred upon the Moroccan Alawite Sultan Sliman a degree in knowledge of the Dala'il al-Khayrat, a seminal Sufi text composed by the 15th-century Muhammad al-Jazuli. [5] al-Qundusi passed away in 1861. [2] [6] He was a Sufi associated with the Qadiri and Nasiri orders. [7]
The Saheeh International translation is an English-language translation of the Quran that has been used by numerous Muslims, including Islam's most conservative adherents. [1] Published by the Publishing House (dar), dar Abul Qasim in Saudi Arabia, it is one of the world's most popular Quran translations.