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Iron sulfides occur widely in nature in the form of iron–sulfur proteins. As organic matter decays under low-oxygen (or hypoxic ) conditions such as in swamps or dead zones of lakes and oceans, sulfate-reducing bacteria reduce various sulfates present in the water, producing hydrogen sulfide .
Iron–sulfur clusters are molecular ensembles of iron and sulfide. They are most often discussed in the context of the biological role for iron–sulfur proteins , which are pervasive. [ 2 ] Many Fe–S clusters are known in the area of organometallic chemistry and as precursors to synthetic analogues of the biological clusters.
Iron(II,III) sulfide is a blue-black (sometimes pinkish [citation needed]) chemical compound of iron and sulfur with formula Fe 3 S 4 or FeS·Fe 2 S 3, which is much similar to iron(II,III) oxide. It occurs naturally as the sulfide mineral greigite and is magnetic. It is a bio-mineral produced by and found in magnetotactic bacteria.
Iron sulfide or Iron sulphide can refer to range of chemical compounds composed of iron and sulfur. Minerals
For the ores Cu 2 S and ZnS , balanced equations for the roasting are: 2 Cu 2 S + 3 O 2 → 2 Cu 2 O + 2 SO 2 2 ZnS + 3 O 2 → 2 ZnO + 2 SO 2. The gaseous product of sulfide roasting, sulfur dioxide (SO 2) is often used to produce sulfuric acid. Many sulfide minerals contain other components such as arsenic that are released into the environment.
Greigite, with the chemical formula Fe 2+ Fe 3+ 2 S 4, is a mixed valence compound containing both Fe(III) and Fe(II). It is the sulfur equivalent of the iron oxide magnetite (Fe 3 O 4). As established by X-ray crystallography, the S anions form a cubic close-packed lattice, and the Fe cations occupy both tetrahedral and octahedral sites. [5]
Iron shows the characteristic chemical properties of the transition metals, namely the ability to form variable oxidation states differing by steps of one and a very large coordination and organometallic chemistry: indeed, it was the discovery of an iron compound, ferrocene, that revolutionalized the latter field in the 1950s. [1]
Ferredoxins (from Latin ferrum: iron + redox, often abbreviated "fd") are iron–sulfur proteins that mediate electron transfer in a range of metabolic reactions. The term "ferredoxin" was coined by D.C. Wharton of the DuPont Co. and applied to the "iron protein" first purified in 1962 by Mortenson, Valentine, and Carnahan from the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium pasteurianum.
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