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Whether or not literary criticism should be considered a separate field of inquiry from literary theory is a matter of some controversy. For example, The Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory and Criticism [1] draws no distinction between literary theory and literary criticism, and almost always uses the terms together to describe the same ...
Literary theory is the systematic study of the nature of literature and of the methods for literary analysis. [1] Since the 19th century, literary scholarship includes literary theory and considerations of intellectual history , moral philosophy, social philosophy, and interdisciplinary themes relevant to how people interpret meaning . [ 1 ]
The gender/queer lens, while influenced by the feminist lens, treats gender as more of a spectrum, and also considers human sexuality. [5] David Richter notes in The Critical Tradition: Classic Texts and Contemporary Trends that "XXY syndromes, natural sexual bimorphisms, as well as surgical transsexuals [...] defy attempts at binary classification".
Sociological criticism analyzes both how the social functions in literature and how literature works in society. This form of literary criticism was introduced by Kenneth Burke, a 20th-century literary and critical theorist, whose article "Literature As Equipment for Living" outlines the specification and significance of such a critique.
Reader-response criticism argues that literature should be viewed as a performing art in which each reader creates their own, possibly unique, text-related performance. The approach avoids subjectivity or essentialism in descriptions produced through its recognition that reading is determined by textual and also cultural constraints. [ 3 ]
Literary criticism is not limited to plot summaries, biographies of authors, or finding faults with the literature. Researching, reading, and writing works of literary criticism helps in making better sense of the work, form judgments about literature, study ideas from different points of view, and determine on an individual level whether a ...
The Norton Anthology of Theory & Criticism (NATC) is an anthology of literary theory and criticism written in or translated to English that is published by the W. W. Norton & Company, one of several such compendiums. The first edition was published in 2001, with a second edition published in 2010 and a third in 2018.
Genre criticism has thus become one of the main methodologies within rhetorical criticism. Literary critics have used the concepts of genres to classify speeches and works of literature since the time of Aristotle, who distinguished three rhetorical genres: the legal or judicial, the deliberative or political, and the ceremonial or epideictic ...