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Coaxial cable, or coax (pronounced / ˈ k oʊ. æ k s /), is a type of electrical cable consisting of an inner conductor surrounded by a concentric conducting shield, with the two separated by a dielectric (insulating material); many coaxial cables also have a protective outer sheath or jacket.
The phase velocity at which electrical signals travel along a transmission line or other cable depends on the construction of the line. Therefore, the wavelength corresponding to a given frequency varies in different types of lines, thus at a given frequency different conductors of the same physical length can have different electrical lengths.
The magnetic field inside a coaxial cable can be divided into three regions, each of which will therefore contribute to the electrical inductance seen by a length of cable. [ 11 ] The inductance L cen {\displaystyle L_{\text{cen}}\,} is associated with the magnetic field in the region with radius r < a {\displaystyle r<a\,} , the region inside ...
Equivalent circuit of an unbalanced transmission line (such as coaxial cable) where: 2/Z o is the trans-admittance of VCCS (Voltage Controlled Current Source), x is the length of transmission line, Z(s) ≡ Z o (s) is the characteristic impedance, T(s) is the propagation function, γ(s) is the propagation "constant", s ≡ j ω, and j 2 ≡ −1.
When more than one mode can exist, bends and other irregularities in the cable geometry can cause power to be transferred from one mode to another. The most common use for coaxial cables is for television and other signals with bandwidth of multiple megahertz. In the middle 20th century they carried long distance telephone connections.
The other terminal of the transmitter is connected to a radial ground system consisting of cables buried under the field. A monopole antenna is a class of radio antenna consisting of a straight rod-shaped conductor, often mounted perpendicularly over some type of conductive surface, called a ground plane .
The characteristic impedance of coaxial cables (coax) is commonly chosen to be 50 Ω for RF and microwave applications. Coax for video applications is usually 75 Ω for its lower loss. See also: Nominal impedance § 50 Ω and 75 Ω
RG-58/U is a type of coaxial cable often used for low-power signal and RF connections. The cable has a characteristic impedance of either 50 or 52 Ω. "RG" was originally a unit indicator for bulk RF cable in the U.S. military's Joint Electronics Type Designation System. There are several versions covering the differences in core material ...