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In acid catalysis and base catalysis, ... ZSM-5 is widely used as a solid acid catalyst. In industrial scale chemistry, many processes are catalysed by "solid acids ...
The first Lewis acid-catalyzed Diels–Alder reaction. In organic chemistry, Lewis acid catalysis is the use of metal-based Lewis acids as catalysts for organic reactions.The acids act as an electron pair acceptor to increase the reactivity of a substrate.
Solid acids are used in catalysis in many industrial chemical processes, from large-scale catalytic cracking in petroleum refining to the synthesis of various fine chemicals. [ 5 ] One large scale application is alkylation , e.g., the combination of benzene and ethylene to give ethylbenzene .
An illustrative example is the effect of catalysts to speed the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen: . 2 H 2 O 2 → 2 H 2 O + O 2. This reaction proceeds because the reaction products are more stable than the starting compound, but this decomposition is so slow that hydrogen peroxide solutions are commercially available.
Acids used in acid catalysis. Pages in category "Acid catalysts" The following 26 pages are in this category, out of 26 total.
Oxidation catalysis is conducted by both heterogeneous catalysis and homogeneous catalysis. In the heterogeneous processes, gaseous substrate and oxygen (or air) are passed over solid catalysts. Typical catalysts are platinum, and redox-active oxides of iron, vanadium, and molybdenum.
The most effective catalysts for methanol synthesis are Cu, Ni, Pd and Pt, while the most common metals used for support are Al and Si. In 1966 ICI (Imperial Chemical Industries) developed a process that is still in use today. The process is a low-pressure process that uses a Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 catalyst where copper is the active material. This ...
The Monsanto process is an industrial method for the manufacture of acetic acid by catalytic carbonylation of methanol. [1] The Monsanto process has largely been supplanted by the Cativa process, a similar iridium-based process developed by BP Chemicals Ltd, which is more economical and environmentally friendly.