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In corporate finance, the swap ratio is an exchange rate of the shares of the companies that undergo a merger; see Stock swap and Mergers and acquisitions § Stock.. The swap ratio determines the control that each group of shareholders of the companies shall have over the combined firm: essentially a function of the relative value of the strategic and financial results of the two companies.
Analogous to YTM for bonds, the swap rate is then the market's quoted price for entering the swap in question. At the time of the swap agreement, the total value of the swap's fixed rate flows will be equal to the value of expected floating rate payments implied by the forward LIBOR curve; see Swap (finance)#Valuation. As forward expectations ...
An equity swap is a financial derivative contract (a swap) where a set of future cash flows are agreed to be exchanged between two counterparties at set dates in the future. [1] The two cash flows are usually referred to as "legs" of the swap; one of these "legs" is usually pegged to a floating rate such as LIBOR .
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One leg of the swap will pay an amount based upon the realized variance of the price changes of the underlying product. Conventionally, these price changes will be daily log returns, based upon the most commonly used closing price. The other leg of the swap will pay a fixed amount, which is the strike, quoted at the deal
Here, as mentioned, the forward price is the forward swap rate. The volatility is typically "read-off" a two dimensional grid ("cube") of at-the-money volatilities as observed from prices in the Interbank swaption market. On this grid, one axis is the time to expiration and the other is the length of the underlying swap.
Notional amount = number of options * multiplier * strike price. The notional value is the value of what is controlled, rather than the value of what is owned. If stock option contracts are being bought, those contracts could potentially give a lot more shares than would be possible to control by buying shares outright.
Here the price of the option is its discounted expected value; see risk neutrality and rational pricing. The technique applied then, is (1) to generate a large number of possible, but random, price paths for the underlying (or underlyings) via simulation, and (2) to then calculate the associated exercise value (i.e. "payoff") of the option for ...