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The central nervous system (CNS) of fish contains a spinal cord, medulla oblongata, and the brain, divided into telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon and cerebellum. In fish, similar to other vertebrates, nociception travels from the peripheral nerves along the spinal nerves and is relayed through the spinal cord to the thalamus.
The resulting anatomy of the central nervous system, with a single, hollow ventral nerve cord topped by a series of (often paired) vesicles is unique to vertebrates. [ 9 ] Cross-section of the brain of a porbeagle shark with the cerebellum highlighted
Endothermy, though metabolically costly, is thought to provide advantages such as increased muscle strength, higher rates of central nervous system processing, and higher rates of digestion. In some fish, a rete mirabile allows for an increase in muscle temperature in regions where this network of vein and arteries is found.
The nervous system of vertebrates (including humans) is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). [16] The CNS is the major division, and consists of the brain and the spinal cord. [16] The spinal canal contains the spinal cord, while the cranial cavity contains the brain.
Neurons in the brain & whole nervous system Synapses Details Image Source Sponge: 0 [4] Trichoplax: 0: Despite no nervous system, it exhibits coordinated feeding and response behaviors. [5] [6] Asplanchna brightwellii ~200: Brain only [7] Tardigrade ~200: Brain only [8] Ciona intestinalis larva : 231: 8,617 (central nervous system only) [9] [10]
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The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord.The CNS is so named because the brain integrates the received information and coordinates and influences the activity of all parts of the bodies of bilaterally symmetric and triploblastic animals—that is, all multicellular animals except sponges and diploblasts.
Vision is an important sensory system for most species of fish. Fish eyes are similar to those of terrestrial vertebrates like birds and mammals, but have a more spherical lens. Their retinas generally have both rod cells and cone cells (for scotopic and photopic vision), and most species have colour vision.