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Diabetes was linked to the concurrent use of mycophenalate mofetil in patients with lupus receiving high-dose steroid therapy; this could be explained by decreased insulin secretion due to elevated beta cell stress. [3] [4] There is an inverse correlation between serum magnesium levels and glycemic control, according to several studies. [5]
Micrograph of fatty liver, as may be seen due to long-term prednisone use. Trichrome stain.. Short-term side effects, as with all glucocorticoids, include high blood glucose levels (especially in patients with diabetes mellitus or on other medications that increase blood glucose, such as tacrolimus) and mineralocorticoid effects such as fluid retention. [24]
In a prospective study, the cumulative incidence of CIL with high-dose prednisone therapy was found to be 61% after 3 months, 65% after 6 months, 68% after 9 months, and 69% after 12 months. [1] One study found that even a very low dosage of prednisone of 5 mg/day was associated with symptoms of "Cushing's syndrome". [ 1 ]
However, careful monitoring is essential during treatment, as these drugs can potentially cause side effects and, in some cases, lead to adrenal insufficiency. [7] While antiglucocorticoid therapy has shown promise in managing Cushing's syndrome, it is generally considered an adjunctive treatment to surgery, which remains the definitive cure ...
Side effects include: Immunodeficiency (see section below) Hyperglycemia due to increased gluconeogenesis , insulin resistance , and impaired glucose tolerance (" steroid diabetes "); caution in those with diabetes mellitus
Moon face is often associated with Cushing's syndrome [5] [6] or steroid treatment (especially corticosteroids), which has led to it being known as Cushingoid facies. [7]Moon face is a type of corticosteroid-induced lipodystrophy along with "buffalo hump", which in one study occurred in 47% of the 820 patients.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation and the European Calcified Tissue Society recommend pharmacological therapy for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men ≥70 years, with a previous fragility fracture, or a dose equivalent of prednisone ≥7.5 mg daily for ≥3 months. For premenopausal women and men <50 years taking steroids for ...
While the condition generally falls under the classification of Cushing's syndrome, the term "steroid dementia syndrome" is particularly useful because it recognizes both the cause of the syndrome and the specific effects of glucocorticoids on cognitive function.