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Metronidazole and its metabolites are mainly excreted via the kidneys (77%) and to a lesser extent via the faeces (14%). [7] [8] The biological half-life of metronidazole in healthy adults is eight hours, in infants during the first two months of their lives about 23 hours, and in premature babies up to 100 hours. [61]
Diverticulitis; Other names: Colonic diverticulitis: Section of the large bowel (sigmoid colon) showing multiple pouches (diverticula).The diverticula appear on either side of the longitudinal muscle bundle (taenium), which runs horizontally across the specimen in an arc.
Antibiotics include ciprofloxacin and metronidazole, given for 14 days. If symptoms recur after improvement with antibiotics, a second course of antibiotics may be given. If an initial course of antibiotics is ineffective, then mesalamine may be tried. If mesalamine is ineffective, then a course of prednisone may be helpful.
Diverticulitis is defined as diverticular disease with signs and symptoms of diverticular inflammation. Clinical features of acute diverticulitis include constant abdominal pain, localized abdominal tenderness in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, fever and leukocytosis .
Metronidazole is an antibiotic with an off-label use in eradicating H. pylori for treating gastric ulceration. Resistance of metronidazole is above 15% worldwide. [ 32 ] It is likely to be resistant so is not the first line choice of treatment. [ 44 ]
While a low-fiber diet is generally used for acute diverticulitis, the NIH guidelines recommend a high-fiber diet for patients with diverticulosis (a condition that may lead to diverticulitis). [17] A Mayo Clinic review from 2011 showed that a high-fiber diet can prevent diverticular disease.
A Meckel's diverticulum, a true congenital diverticulum, is a slight bulge in the small intestine present at birth and a vestigial remnant of the vitelline duct.It is the most common malformation of the gastrointestinal tract and is present in approximately 2% of the population, [1] with males more frequently experiencing symptoms.
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics have low propensity to induce bacterial resistance and are less likely to disrupt the microbiome (normal microflora). [3] On the other hand, indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics may not only induce the development of bacterial resistance and promote the emergency of multidrug-resistant organisms, but also cause off-target effects due to dysbiosis.