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The term NO x represents several forms of nitrogen oxides such as NO (nitric oxide), NO 2 (nitrogen dioxide) and N 2 O (nitrous oxide, also known as laughing gas).In a gasoline engine, NO is the most common form of NO x at around 93%, while NO 2 is around 5% and the rest is N 2 O.
A NO x adsorber is designed to reduce oxides of nitrogen emitted in the exhaust gas of a lean burn internal combustion engine.Lean burn engines, particularly diesels, present a special challenge to emission control system designers because of the relatively high levels of O 2 (atmospheric oxygen) in the exhaust gas.
A nondispersive infrared sensor (or NDIR sensor) is a simple spectroscopic sensor often used as a gas detector.It is non-dispersive in the fact that no dispersive element (e.g a prism or diffraction grating as is often present in other spectrometers) is used to separate out (like a monochromator) the broadband light into a narrow spectrum suitable for gas sensing.
SCR systems are now the preferred method for meeting Tier 4 Final and EURO 6 diesel emissions standards for heavy trucks, cars and light commercial vehicles. As a result, emissions of NOx, particulates , and hydrocarbons have been lowered by as much as 95% when compared with pre-emissions engines.
This may be especially true for modern, clean diesel vehicles that continuously monitor engine operation electronically and actively control engine parameters and exhaust system operations to limit NO x emission to less than 0.2 g/km. Low-temperature combustion or LTC technology [2] may help reduce thermal formation of NO x during combustion ...
The catalytic bead sensor MSA 94150. The catalytic bead sensor consists of two coils of fine platinum wire each embedded in a bead of alumina, connected electrically in a Wheatstone bridge circuit. One of the pellistors is impregnated with a special catalyst which promotes oxidation whilst the other is treated to inhibit oxidation. Current is ...
In the fall, there can be wide swings between afternoon high temperatures in, say, the 70s, and nightly low temperatures in the 20s and 30s − a large enough drop to make the TPMS think there's ...
Primary air (70-90%) is mixed with the fuel, producing a relatively low temperature, oxygen-deficient, fuel-rich zone, leading to only moderate amounts of NO x being formed. The secondary (10-30%) combustion air is injected above the combustion zone through a special wind-box with air-introducing ports and/or nozzles, which are mounted above ...