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  2. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    Python's syntax is simple and consistent, adhering to the principle that "There should be one— and preferably only one —obvious way to do it." The language incorporates built-in data types and structures, control flow mechanisms, first-class functions , and modules for better code reusability and organization.

  3. Python (programming language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

    For tie-breaking, Python 3 uses round to even: round(1.5) and round(2.5) both produce 2. [124] Versions before 3 used round-away-from-zero: round(0.5) is 1.0, round(-0.5) is −1.0. [125] Python allows Boolean expressions with multiple equality relations in a manner that is consistent with general use in mathematics.

  4. Rounding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rounding

    One method, more obscure than most, is to alternate direction when rounding a number with 0.5 fractional part. All others are rounded to the closest integer. Whenever the fractional part is 0.5, alternate rounding up or down: for the first occurrence of a 0.5 fractional part, round up, for the second occurrence, round down, and so on.

  5. Catastrophic cancellation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catastrophic_cancellation

    However, is not a binary64 floating-point number; the nearest one, which x will be initialized to in this fragment, is = +. Although the radix conversion from decimal floating-point to binary floating-point only incurs a small relative error, catastrophic cancellation may amplify it into a much larger one:

  6. List of algorithms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_algorithms

    An algorithm is fundamentally a set of rules or defined procedures that is typically designed and used to solve a specific problem or a broad set of problems.. Broadly, algorithms define process(es), sets of rules, or methodologies that are to be followed in calculations, data processing, data mining, pattern recognition, automated reasoning or other problem-solving operations.

  7. Leap year problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leap_year_problem

    The leap year problem (also known as the leap year bug or the leap day bug) is a problem for both digital (computer-related) and non-digital documentation and data storage situations which results from errors in the calculation of which years are leap years, or from manipulating dates without regard to the difference between leap years and common years.

  8. Gompertz function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gompertz_function

    The Gompertz function reduced a significant collection of data in life tables into a single function. It is based on the assumption that the mortality rate increases exponentially as a person ages. The resulting Gompertz function is for the number of individuals living at a given age as a function of age.

  9. Computational complexity of mathematical operations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_complexity...

    The elementary functions are constructed by composing arithmetic operations, the exponential function (), the natural logarithm (), trigonometric functions (,), and their inverses. The complexity of an elementary function is equivalent to that of its inverse, since all elementary functions are analytic and hence invertible by means of Newton's ...