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Here [Ne] refers to the core electrons which are the same as for the element neon (Ne), the last noble gas before phosphorus in the periodic table. The valence electrons (here 3s 2 3p 3) are written explicitly for all atoms. Electron configurations of elements beyond hassium (element 108) have never been measured; predictions are used below.
Configurations of elements 109 and above are not available. Predictions from reliable sources have been used for these elements. Grayed out electron numbers indicate subshells filled to their maximum. Bracketed noble gas symbols on the left represent inner configurations that are the same in each period. Written out, these are: He, 2, helium : 1s 2
The electron-shell configuration of elements beyond hassium has not yet been empirically verified, but they are expected to follow Madelung's rule without exceptions until element 120. Element 121 should have the anomalous configuration [ Og ] 8s 2 5g 0 6f 0 7d 0 8p 1 , having a p rather than a g electron.
The following table shows the electron configuration of a neutral gas-phase atom of each element. Different configurations can be favoured in different chemical environments. [52] The main-group elements have entirely regular electron configurations; the transition and inner transition elements show twenty irregularities due to the ...
a Group 1 is composed of hydrogen (H) and the alkali metals. Elements of the group have one s-electron in the outer electron shell. Hydrogen is not considered to be an alkali metal as it is not a metal, though it is more analogous to them than any other group. This makes the group somewhat exceptional.
Element Group Electron configuration electron configuration (P8000) Term symbol note 1, 2, S, P, 1 H hydrogen: 1 1s 1: 1s¹ : 2 S 1/2: S: 2 He helium: 18 1s 2: 1s² : 1 S 0: S: 3 Li lithium
A lithium atom is an atom of the chemical element lithium. Stable lithium is composed of three electrons bound by the electromagnetic force to a nucleus containing three protons along with either three or four neutrons , depending on the isotope , held together by the strong force .
At 20 mg lithium per kg of Earth's crust, [53] lithium is the 31st most abundant element. [54] According to the Handbook of Lithium and Natural Calcium, "Lithium is a comparatively rare element, although it is found in many rocks and some brines, but always in very low concentrations. There are a fairly large number of both lithium mineral and ...