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Business cycles are a type of fluctuation found in the aggregate economic activity of nations that organize their work mainly in business enterprises: a cycle consists of expansions occurring at about the same time in many economic activities, followed by similarly general recessions, contractions, and revivals which merge into the expansion ...
Definition [ edit ] According to the four stages of a business cycle (expansion, peak, contraction, trough), an expansion is an upward trend when a country's economy experiences relatively rapid growth as measured by a rise in industrial production, employment, consumer spending, and utilization of resources.
A working paper by Robert J. Hodrick titled "An Exploration of Trend-Cycle Decomposition Methodologies in Simulated Data" [10] examines whether the proposed alternative approach of James D. Hamilton is actually better than the HP filter at extracting the cyclical component of several simulated time series calibrated to approximate U.S. real GDP ...
Category: Business cycle. 33 languages. ... Business cycle is included in the JEL classification codes as JEL: E32. Subcategories. This category has the following 6 ...
In economics, a trough is a low turning point or a local minimum of a business cycle. The time evolution of many economics variables exhibits a wave-like behavior with local maxima (peaks) followed by local minima (troughs). A business cycle may be defined as the period between two consecutive peaks. [1] [2]
The Kitchin cycle is a short business cycle of about 40 months, identified in the 1920s by Joseph Kitchin. [ 1 ] This cycle is believed to be accounted for by time lags in information movement, affecting the decision making of commercial firms.
The leading business cycle dating committee in the United States of America is the private National Bureau of Economic Research. The Bureau of Labor Statistics is the principal fact-finding agency for the U.S. government in the field of labor economics and statistics.
Keynesian economics advocates the use of automatic and discretionary countercyclical policies to lessen the impact of the business cycle. One example of an automatically countercyclical fiscal policy is progressive taxation. By taxing a larger proportion of income when the economy expands, a progressive tax tends to decrease demand when the ...