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A simple calculation reveals that a radar echo will take approximately 10.8 μs to return from a target 1 statute mile away (counting from the leading edge of the transmitter pulse (T 0), (sometimes known as transmitter main bang)). For convenience, these figures may also be expressed as 1 nautical mile in 12.4 μs or 1 kilometre in 6.7 μs.
The dish is rotated at a constant rate about a vertical axis so the beam scans the entire surrounding airspace about every 5 seconds. When the microwave beam strikes an airborne object, the microwaves are reflected and some of the energy (sometimes called the "echo") returns to the dish and is detected by the radar receiver.
In the radar receiver, the returning echoes are typically received by the antenna, amplified, down-converted to an intermediate frequency, and then passed through detector circuitry that extracts the envelope of the signal, known as the video signal. This video signal is proportional to the power of the received echo.
Radar; Laser range finder; Sonar; Different PRF allow systems to perform very different functions. A radar system uses a radio frequency electromagnetic signal reflected from a target to determine information about that target. PRF is required for radar operation. This is the rate at which transmitter pulses are sent into air or space.
Moving target indication (MTI) is a mode of operation of a radar to discriminate a target against the clutter. [1] It describes a variety of techniques used for finding moving objects, like an aircraft, and filter out unmoving ones, like hills or trees.
An MTI antenna beam is aimed above the horizon to avoid an excessive false alarm rate, which renders systems vulnerable. Aircraft and some missiles exploit this weakness using a technique called flying below the radar to avoid detection (nap-of-the-earth). This flying technique is ineffective against pulse-Doppler radar.
A radar tracker is a component of a radar system, or an associated command and control (C2) system, that associates consecutive radar observations of the same target into tracks. It is particularly useful when the radar system is reporting data from several different targets or when it is necessary to combine the data from several different ...
A minimum detectable signal is a signal at the input of a system whose power allows it to be detected over the background electronic noise of the detector system. It can alternately be defined as a signal that produces a signal-to-noise ratio of a given value m at the output. In practice, m is usually chosen to be greater than unity.