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Pioneers of the kinetic theory, whose work was also largely neglected by their contemporaries, were Mikhail Lomonosov (1747), [17] Georges-Louis Le Sage (ca. 1780, published 1818), [18] John Herapath (1816) [19] and John James Waterston (1843), [20] which connected their research with the development of mechanical explanations of gravitation.
"Über die von der molekularkinetischen Theorie der Wärme geforderte Bewegung von in ruhenden Flüssigkeiten suspendierten Teilchen" (English: "On the movement of small particles suspended in a stationary liquid demanded by the molecular-kinetic theory of heat") is the 1905 journal article, by Albert Einstein, that proved the reality of atoms, the modern understanding of which had been ...
Perhaps the greatest success of the kinetic theory of gases, as it came to be called, was the discovery that for gases, the temperature as measured on the Kelvin (absolute) temperature scale is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules. Graham's law for diffusion could thus be understood as a consequence of the ...
At age nineteen, Waterston published a paper proposing a mechanical explanation of gravitation, [1] accounting for action at a distance in terms of colliding particles and discussing interactions between linear and rotational motion that would play a part in his later kinetic theory. He proposed that ether is made of small cylindrical particles ...
1843 – John James Waterston fully expounds the kinetic theory of gases, [12] but according to D Levermore "there is no evidence that any physical scientist read the book; perhaps it was overlooked because of its misleading title, Thoughts on the Mental Functions." [13] 1843 – James Joule experimentally finds the mechanical equivalent of ...
Kinetic theory may refer to: Kinetic theory of matter: A general account of the properties of matter, including solids liquids and gases, based around the idea that heat or temperature is a manifestation of atoms and molecules in constant agitation. Kinetic theory of gases, an account of gas properties in terms of motion and interaction of ...
At the molecular level, gas dynamics is a study of the kinetic theory of gases, often leading to the study of gas diffusion, statistical mechanics, chemical thermodynamics and non-equilibrium thermodynamics. [2] Gas dynamics is synonymous with aerodynamics when the gas field is air and the subject of study is flight.
The history of thermodynamics is a fundamental strand in the history of physics, the history of chemistry, and the history of science in general. Due to the relevance of thermodynamics in much of science and technology, its history is finely woven with the developments of classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, magnetism, and chemical kinetics, to more distant applied fields such as ...