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A memory controller, also known as memory chip controller (MCC) or a memory controller unit (MCU), is a digital circuit that manages the flow of data going to and from a computer's main memory. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] When a memory controller is integrated into another chip, such as an integral part of a microprocessor , it is usually called an integrated ...
Usually, flash memory controllers also include the "flash translation layer" (FTL), a layer below the file system that maps host side or file system logical block addresses (LBAs) to the physical address of the flash memory (logical-to-physical mapping). The LBAs refer to sector numbers and to a mapping unit of 512 bytes.
A block diagram is a diagram of a system in which the principal parts or functions are represented by blocks connected by lines that show the relationships of the blocks. [1] They are heavily used in engineering in hardware design , electronic design , software design , and process flow diagrams .
This style has the advantage of simplicity; the memory blocks are continuous and thus only the two values, base and limit, need to be stored. Each entry corresponds to a block of memory used by a single program, and the translation is invisible to the program, which sees main memory starting at address zero and extending to some fixed value. [4]
A functional block diagram, in systems engineering and software engineering, is a block diagram that describes the functions and interrelationships of a system. The functional block diagram can picture: [1] functions of a system pictured by blocks; input and output elements of a block pictured with lines; the relationships between the functions ...
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Memory-mapped I/O is preferred in IA-32 and x86-64 based architectures because the instructions that perform port-based I/O are limited to one register: EAX, AX, and AL are the only registers that data can be moved into or out of, and either a byte-sized immediate value in the instruction or a value in register DX determines which port is the source or destination port of the transfer.
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