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Smith v. Allwright, 321 U.S. 649 (1944), was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court with regard to voting rights and, by extension, racial desegregation.It overturned the Texas state law that authorized parties to set their internal rules, including the use of white primaries.
The seat linkage compensatory mixed system often referred to as MMP originates in Germany, and was later adopted with modifications under the name of MMP in New Zealand.In Germany, where it was differentiated from a different compensatory mixed system it was always known as personalized proportional representation (PPR) (German: personalisiertes Verhältniswahlrecht).
Perry, 548 U.S. 399 (2006), is a Supreme Court of the United States case in which the Court ruled that only District 23 of the 2003 Texas redistricting violated the Voting Rights Act. [1] The Court refused to throw out the entire plan, ruling that the plaintiffs failed to state a sufficient claim of partisan gerrymandering .
Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202 (1982), was a landmark decision in which the Supreme Court of the United States struck down both a state statute denying funding for education of undocumented immigrant children in the United States and an independent school district's attempt to charge an annual $1,000 tuition fee for each student to compensate for lost state funding. [1]
In the United States, tribal disenrollment is a process by which a Native American individual loses citizenship or the right to belong within a Native American tribe. [ 1 ] Banishment and ostracization have historically been a means to punish wrongdoers and maintain social cohesion in Native American tribes. [ 2 ]
This case occurred in California, but its arguments, based on the rights to equal protection and due process, could be applied elsewhere in the United States. Earlier that same year in Texas, the attorney general had also released a statement against racial segregation [ 4 ] showing that some momentum had begun to shift, at least in public ...
Disenrollment is not required in these cases, as private medical insurance companies administer Medigap plans, and as such, are held separately to original Medicare. The best time to sign up for a ...
The court held that "the University of Texas School of Law may not use race as a factor in deciding which applicants to admit in order to achieve a diverse student body, to combat the perceived effects of a hostile environment at the law school, to alleviate the law school's poor reputation in the minority community, or to eliminate any present ...