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Hepatic lipase (HL), also called hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) or LIPC (for "lipase, hepatic"), is a form of lipase, catalyzing the hydrolysis of triacylglyceride. Hepatic lipase is coded by chromosome 15 and its gene is also often referred to as HTGL or LIPC . [ 5 ]
In biochemistry, lipase (/ ˈ l aɪ p eɪ s, ˈ l aɪ p eɪ z / LY-payss, LY-payz) refers to a class of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats. Some lipases display broad substrate scope including esters of cholesterol , phospholipids , and of lipid-soluble vitamins [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and sphingomyelinases ; [ 3 ] however, these are usually ...
The drop in fluid levels can lead to a rapid and severe reduction in the volume of blood within the body, which is known as hypovolemic shock. This condition represents a major life threat and may be prevented in some cases by prompt and aggressive fluid resuscitation. [8]
If the lipase level is about 2.5 to 3 times that of amylase, it is an indication of pancreatitis due to alcohol. [14] Serum lipase is more sensitive and specific than serum amylase in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, and is the preferred test in the diagnosis. [15] [16]
In acid lipase disease the lysosomal acid lipase enzyme is either lacking or missing. In both CESD and Wolman's disease there is a mutation with in the LIPA gene , which maps to chromosome 10q23.2, has 10 exons and is approximately 45 kb in length, [ 5 ] that encodes for the lysosomal acid lipase enzyme. [ 1 ]
The classic presentation is vomiting and failure to gain weight in a newborn with chalky bilateral adrenal calcifications on imaging, with life expectancy rarely exceeding a year. [2] Very low levels of the LAL enzyme lead to LAL deficiency. LAL deficiency typically affects infants in the first year of life.
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In the body, stores of fat are referred to as adipose tissue. In these areas, intracellular triglycerides are stored in cytoplasmic lipid droplets. When lipase enzymes are phosphorylated, they can access lipid droplets and through multiple steps of hydrolysis, breakdown triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. Each step of hydrolysis leads ...