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Having its own blood supply, Meckel's diverticulum is susceptible to obstruction or infection. Meckel's diverticulum is located in the distal ileum, usually within 60–100 cm (2 feet) of the ileocecal valve. This blind segment or small pouch is about 3–6 cm (2 inch) long and may have a greater lumen diameter than that of the ileum. [20]
On this site of attachment, sometimes a pathological Meckel's diverticulum may be present. A mnemonic used to recall details of a Meckel's diverticulum is as follows: "2 inches long, within 2 feet of ileocecal valve , 2 times as common in males than females, 2% of population, 2% symptomatic, 2 types of ectopic tissue: gastric and pancreatic".
A diverticulum of Kommerell is an outpouching (aneurysm) of the aorta where an aberrant right subclavian artery is located. [16] It is unusual nomenclature, in that focal dilatations of a blood vessel are properly referred to as aneurysms. Cardiac diverticulum is a very rare congenital malformation of the heart that is usually benign. [17]
The trapped section of bowel may have its blood supply cut off, which causes ischemia (lack of oxygen in the tissues). The mucosa (gut lining) is very sensitive to ischemia, and responds by sloughing off into the gut. This creates the classically described "red currant jelly" stool, which is a mixture of sloughed mucosa, blood, and mucus. [7]
This is alternatively called the umbilical vesicle by the Terminologia Embryologica (TE), though yolk sac is far more widely used. The yolk sac is one of the fetal membranes and is important in early embryonic blood supply. [1] In humans much of it is incorporated into the primordial gut during the fourth week of embryonic development. [2]
Usually, this structure regresses during development; in cases where it does not, it is known as Meckel's diverticulum. During fetal life, the primitive gut is gradually patterned into three segments: foregut, midgut, and hindgut. Although these terms are often used in reference to segments of the primitive gut, they are also used regularly to ...
The intervening portion of bowel within the abdomen is deprived of its blood supply and eventually becomes necrotic. Obturator hernia: hernia through obturator canal; Patient with a colostomy complicated by a large parastomal hernia. Parastomal hernias, which is when tissue protrudes adjacent to a stoma tract.
Meckel's diverticulum – an out-pouching of the ileum, part of the small intestine, and found in approximately 2% of the population. Meckel's cartilage – A cartilaginous bar from which the mandible is formed. Described in 1820. A syndrome – Meckel syndrome – is also named after him. This condition was described in 1822.