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Collective efficacy is an alternative to broken windows theory, which argues that efforts to prevent small crimes such as vandalism and public drinking reduce the likelihood of crime. According to broken windows theory, when residents and authorities do not work to prevent small crimes, a sense of disorder develops in the community.
An important psychological development saw this research instead directed towards subjective expectations and beliefs that unified effort (collective action) is a viable option for achieving group-based goals – this is referred to as perceived collective efficacy. Empirically, collective efficacy is shown to causally affect collective action ...
Anita Woolfolk Hoy (born October 6, 1947, in Fort Worth, Texas) is an American psychologist who specializes in child education.Hoy was a professor in the college of educational psychology at Ohio State University from 1994 until her retirement in 2012.
Whyte (1998) argues that a group's collective efficacy, i.e. confidence in its abilities, can lead to reduced vigilance and a higher risk tolerance, similar to how groupthink was described. [56] McCauley (1998) proposes that the attractiveness of group members might be the most prominent factor in causing poor decisions. [ 57 ]
Educator effectiveness is a method used in the K-12 school system that uses multiple measures of assessments including classroom observations, student work samples, assessment scores and teacher artifacts, to determine the impact a particular teacher has on student's learning outcomes.
Samuel Richard Slavson (December 25, 1890 - August 5, 1981) was an American engineer, journalist and teacher, who began to engage in group analysis in 1919. He is considered one of the pioneers of group psychotherapy for his contributions to its recognition as a scientific discipline. [1]
Self-efficacy beliefs can impact cognitive, motivational, emotional, and decision-making processes, and they play a significant role in individual and collective success. [ 11 ] [ 10 ] Self-efficacy can be developed or increased by:
Virtual Communities of Practice may be especially effective for increasing teacher efficacy and reducing professional isolation in computer science education. [ 18 ] [ 19 ] Some questions remain as to what level of participation in an online community constitutes legitimate membership of an OCoP.