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W. H. Harvey (1811–1866) and Lamouroux (1813) [34] were the first to divide macroscopic algae into four divisions based on their pigmentation. This is the first use of a biochemical criterion in plant systematics.
The Chlorophyceae are one of the classes of green algae, distinguished mainly on the basis of ultrastructural morphology. [2] They are usually green due to the dominance of pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. The chloroplast may be discoid, plate-like, reticulate, cup-shaped, spiral- or ribbon-shaped in different species.
Polysiphonia, known as red hair algae, [1] is a genus of filamentous red algae with about 19 species on the coasts of the British Isles [2] and about 200 species worldwide, [3] including Crete in Greece, Antarctica and Greenland. [4] [5] Its members are known by a number of common names. [note 1] [4] It is in the order Ceramiales and family ...
Chlorophyll a binds to thylakoids, while the c pigment is present in the stroma. [10] The most frequent accessory pigment in ochrophytes is the yellow β-carotene. The golden-brown or brown pigmentation in diatoms, brown algae, golden algae and others is conferred by the xanthophyll fucoxanthin.
Chromatophores are color pigment changing cells that are directly stimulated by central motor neurons. They are primarily used for quick environmental adaptation for camouflaging. The process of changing the color pigment of their skin relies on a single highly developed chromatophore cell and many muscles, nerves, glial and sheath cells.
Like diatoms and brown algae, they have also fucoxanthin, an oxidized isoprenoid derivative that is likely the most important driver of their brownish-yellow color. [ 6 ] The cells typically have two slightly unequal flagella , both of which are smooth, and a unique organelle called a haptonema , which is superficially similar to a flagellum ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 28 December 2024. "Skin pigmentation" redirects here. For animal skin pigmentation, see Biological pigment. Extended Coloured family from South Africa showing some spectrum of human skin coloration Human skin color ranges from the darkest brown to the lightest hues. Differences in skin color among ...
The brown algae include the largest and fastest growing of seaweeds. [6] Fronds of Macrocystis may grow as much as 50 cm (20 in) per day, and the stipes can grow 6 cm (2.4 in) in a single day. [13] Growth in most brown algae occurs at the tips of structures as a result of divisions in a single apical cell or in a row of such