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List of musical scales and modes Name Image Sound Degrees Intervals Integer notation # of pitch classes Lower tetrachord Upper tetrachord Use of key signature usual or unusual ; 15 equal temperament
The diatonic scale (seven notes)—this includes the major scale and the natural minor; The melodic and harmonic minor scales (seven notes) These scales are used in all of their transpositions. The music of this period introduces modulation, which involves systematic changes from one scale to another. Modulation occurs in relatively ...
The pattern of whole and half steps characteristic of a major scale. The intervals from the tonic (keynote) in an upward direction to the second, to the third, to the sixth, and to the seventh scale degrees of a major scale are called major. [1] A major scale is a diatonic scale. The sequence of intervals between the notes of a major scale is:
Major and minor third in a major chord: major third 'M' on bottom, minor third 'm' on top. Major and minor may also refer to scales and chords that contain a major third or a minor third, respectively. A major scale is a scale in which the third scale degree (the mediant) is a major third above the tonic note.
The Dorian mode, and Aeolian dominant scale (Dorian ♯3 ♭6 scale), and Neapolitan major scale (Dorian ♭2 ♯7 scale), and double harmonic scale (Dorian ♭2 ♯3 ♭6 ♯7 scale), are all self-dual. [citation needed] However, there are no harmonic scales that are self-dual.
Methods that establish the key for a particular piece can be complicated to explain and vary over music history. [citation needed] However, the chords most often used in a piece in a particular key are those that contain the notes in the corresponding scale, and conventional progressions of these chords, particularly cadences, orient the listener around the tonic.
[9] [10] The key note or tonic of a piece in a major key is a semitone above the last sharp in the signature. [11] For example, the key of D major has a key signature of F ♯ and C ♯, and the tonic (D) is a semitone above C ♯. Each scale starting on the fifth scale degree of the previous scale has one new sharp, added in the order shown. [10]
A scale is a related set of pitches (not necessarily exact) that can be used as a compositional unit. It differs from a tuning or temperament since the latter is a system for tuning an instrument. The chromatic scale can be played in Pythagorean tuning , meantone temperament , or 12-tone equal temperament , or indeed many different types of ...