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Concrete has a total embodied energy of 1.69 GJ/tonne, lower per unit mass than most common building materials besides wood. However, concrete structures often have high masses, so this comparison is not always directly relevant to decision making. Additionally, this value is based only on mix proportions of up to 20% fly ash.
The Concrete Sustainability Council is an industry organization and standards body focused on decreasing the environmental impact of cement, concrete, and aggregate. [1] [2] The group was originally launched by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development as the Concrete Sustainability Initiative in 2013.
Concrete from a building being sent to a portable crusher. This is the first step in recycling concrete. Crushing concrete from an airfield. Concrete recycling is the use of rubble from demolished concrete structures. Recycling is cheaper and more ecological than trucking rubble to a landfill. [1]
As of 2018, it represented about 35% of the global industry for Cement and Concrete. [2] The association was formed, in part, because the industry wanted to participate in sustainable development conversations, participating in COP24 and COP25. [2] [3] The Organization published guidelines for sustainable cement in 2018. [4]
Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that cures to a solid over time. Concrete is the second-most-used substance in the world after water, [1] and is the most widely used building material. [2] Its usage worldwide, ton for ton, is twice that of steel, wood, plastics, and aluminium combined. [3]
Making a city "sustainable" means thinking about how to meet the housing, power, food and economic needs of its residents—not just today, but years from now. As a city's population swells, its leaders must plan ahead. They need to build resilience into communities that depend on government to deliver vital services.
The concept of sustainable construction was born out of sustainable development discourse. [7] The term sustainable development was first coined in the Brundtland report of 1987, defined as the ability to meet the needs of all people in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own. [7]
A sustainable garden thrives on creativity and resourcefulness. Repurpose household items like jars, crates, and old furniture into unique planters or garden décor. Use recycled materials for ...