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Calcium carbonate antacid tablets. An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion, or an upset stomach. [1] Some antacids have been used in the treatment of constipation and diarrhea. [2] Marketed antacids contain salts of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, or sodium. [2]
The evidence for antacids is weaker with a benefit of about 10% (NNT=13) while a combination of an antacid and alginic acid (such as Gaviscon) may improve symptoms by 60% (NNT=4). [60] Metoclopramide (a prokinetic) is not recommended either alone or in combination with other treatments due to concerns around adverse effects.
Other conditions with similar symptoms include inflammation of the pancreas, gallbladder problems, and peptic ulcer disease. [2] Prevention is by avoiding things that cause the disease. [4] [examples needed] Treatment includes medications such as antacids, H2 blockers, or proton pump inhibitors. [1]
Relief of symptoms 5 to 10 minutes after the administration of viscous lidocaine and an antacid increases the suspicion that the pain is esophageal in origin. [29] This however does not rule out a potential cardiac cause [30] as 10% of cases of discomfort due to cardiac causes are improved with antacids. [31]
The GI cocktail is a mixture of a viscous anesthetic, an antacid, and an anticholinergic. [1] [2] Common viscous anesthetics use are viscous lidocaine or xylocaine.Common antacids used are magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, or simethicone (more commonly known as Mylanta or Maalox). [3]
Mucosal disruption in acid peptic disease patients can be caused by infection, barrier disruption, or gastric acid hypersecretion.Acid peptic diseases can arise due to various risk factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection, alcoholism, tobacco use, cocaine and amphetamine use, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (NSAIDs), fasting, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, angiogenesis inhibitor ...