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Unlike other methods, including cast iron cylinder liners, Nikasil allowed very large cylinder bores with tight tolerances. This made it possible for existing engine designs to be expanded easily. The aluminum cylinders also gave a much better heat conductivity and lower friction than cast iron liners, an important attribute for a high-output ...
This is also common for motorcycles, and such head/cylinder components are referred to as barrels. Some engines, particularly medium- and large-capacity diesel engines built for industrial, marine, power generation, and heavy traction purposes (large trucks, locomotives , heavy equipment , etc.) have individual cylinder heads for each cylinder.
Cylinder liners (also known as sleeves) are thin metal cylinder-shaped parts which are inserted into the engine block to form the inner wall of the cylinder. [4] [5] Alternatively, an engine can be 'sleeveless', where the cylinder walls are formed by the engine block with a wear-resistant coating, such as Nikasil or plasma-sprayed bores.
The cylinder heads are integrated into the engine block, but the crankcase is separate. [2] Typical 1930-1960 flathead engine with integrated crankcase. The cylinder head is tipped upwards for illustrative purposes. An engine where all the cylinders share a common block is called a monobloc engine. Most modern engines use a monobloc design, and ...
Larger examples were built as multiple rows. As each row contains an odd number of cylinders, to give an even firing sequence for a four-stroke engine, an even number indicates a two- or four-row engine. The largest of these was the Lycoming R-7755 with 36 cylinders (four rows of nine cylinders), but it did not enter production.
Cutaway side-view diagram of an axial piston pump 3-D rendering of an axial piston pump with the parts labeled Animation of an axial piston pump in operation. An axial piston pump has a number of pistons (usually an odd number) arranged in a circular array within a housing which is commonly referred to as a cylinder block, rotor or barrel.