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The first two values, Δ(1) and Δ(2), refer to the unit line segment and unit square respectively. For the three-dimensional case, the mean line segment length of a unit cube is also known as Robbins constant, named after David P. Robbins. This constant has a closed form, [6]
The recursion terminates when P is empty, and a solution can be found from the points in R: for 0 or 1 points the solution is trivial, for 2 points the minimal circle has its center at the midpoint between the two points, and for 3 points the circle is the circumcircle of the triangle described by the points.
The closest pair of points problem or closest pair problem is a problem of computational geometry: given points in metric space, find a pair of points with the smallest distance between them. The closest pair problem for points in the Euclidean plane [ 1 ] was among the first geometric problems that were treated at the origins of the systematic ...
For four points in order around a circle, Ptolemy's inequality becomes an equality, known as Ptolemy's theorem: ¯ ¯ + ¯ ¯ = ¯ ¯. In the inversion-based proof of Ptolemy's inequality, transforming four co-circular points by an inversion centered at one of them causes the other three to become collinear, so the triangle equality for these three points (from which Ptolemy's inequality may ...
Explicitly, let the conic be the unit circle. For any two points P and Q, inside the unit circle . If the line connecting them intersects the circle in two points, X and Y and the points are, in order, X, P, Q, Y. Then the hyperbolic distance between P and Q in the Cayley–Klein model of the hyperbolic plane can be expressed as
The value of the two products in the chord theorem depends only on the distance of the intersection point S from the circle's center and is called the absolute value of the power of S; more precisely, it can be stated that: | | | | = | | | | = where r is the radius of the circle, and d is the distance between the center of the circle and the ...
The set of points equidistant from two points is a perpendicular bisector to the line segment connecting the two points. [8] The set of points equidistant from two intersecting lines is the union of their two angle bisectors. All conic sections are loci: [9] Circle: the set of points at constant distance (the radius) from a fixed point (the ...
Also, let Q = (x 1, y 1) be any point on this line and n the vector (a, b) starting at point Q. The vector n is perpendicular to the line, and the distance d from point P to the line is equal to the length of the orthogonal projection of on n. The length of this projection is given by: