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The federal guidelines recommend reporting those fetal deaths whose birth weight is over 12.5 oz (350 g), or those more than 20 weeks gestation. [63] Forty-one areas use a definition very similar to the federal definition, thirteen areas use a shortened definition of fetal death, and three areas have no formal definition of fetal death.
An Intrauterine transfusion (IUT) is a procedure that provides blood to a fetus, most commonly through the umbilical cord. [1] [2] It is used in cases of severe fetal anemia, such as when fetal red blood cells are being destroyed by maternal antibodies, or parvovirus B19 infection, homozygous alpha-thalassemia, or twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. [3]
For pregnancies after 9 weeks, two doses of misoprostol (the second drug) makes the treatment more effective. [21] From 10 to 11 weeks of pregnancy, the National Abortion Federation suggests second dose of misoprostol (800 micrograms) four hours after the first dose. [22] After the patient takes mifepristone, they must also administer the ...
Fetal injection of digoxin or potassium chloride may be administered at the beginning of the procedure to allow for softening of the fetal bones or to comply with relevant laws in the physician's jurisdiction and the U.S. federal Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act. [4] Umbilical cord transection can also be used to induce fetal demise prior to ...
As of 2012, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists advised, based on expert opinion and not clinical evidence, that attempted delivery during maternal instability increases the rates of both fetal death and maternal death, unless the source of instability is an intrauterine infection. [17]
Sometimes a dilation and curettage procedure is necessary to remove any remaining fetal or placenta tissue. [2] Instillation methods can require hospitalization for 12 to 48 hours. [2] In one study, when laminaria were used to dilate the cervix overnight, the time between injection and completion was reduced from 29 to 14 hours. [3]
The fetal demise of one of the twins during the second trimester of a monochorionic pregnancy can result in serious complications to the surviving fetus. Complications include gangrenous limbs, hands and feet, cerebral palsy and IQ deficits, constriction rings of limbs and digits, reduced digits , skin defects, brain cysts , hydranencephaly ...
Fetal blood sampling is estimated to cause death of the baby in 1.3% of procedures, however the incidence varies significantly from center to center. [22] With an overall risk of death of the fetus due to the repeated procedures of about 3% (17 deaths out of 485 pregnancies).